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Core Properties
Excellent toughness and impact resistance, good damping performance, easy injection molding and extrusion, high cost performance; high water absorption (~3.5%), leading to reduced dimensional stability and strength in wet conditions.
Industrial Automation Applications
General structural parts: equipment housings, brackets, bases, handles, protective covers
Transmission & wear-resistant parts: medium-low speed gears, worm gears, bearing bushes, sliding blocks, guide rail gaskets, conveyor idlers
Electrical insulation parts: terminal blocks, wire grooves, insulating gaskets, low-load cable ties
Pneumatic & fluid components: low-pressure pipe fittings, valve bodies, sealing glands, fixture cushion blocks
2. PA66 (Polyhexamethylene Adipamide): High strength, heat resistance and wear resistance
Core Properties
High crystallinity with superior strength, rigidity, hardness and heat resistance over PA6; good wear resistance and creep resistance, better dimensional stability; melting point around 260℃, long-term service temperature 80-120℃; water absorption ~2.5%.
Industrial Automation Applications
High-load transmission parts: servo motor gears, timing pulleys, reducer components, cams, ratchets
Load-bearing structural parts: robot joint brackets, linear module sliding seats, heavy-duty bearing seats, high-strength fasteners
Electronic & electrical parts: high-voltage connectors, terminal strips, sensor housings, UL94 V-0 flame-retardant components
Automated automotive equipment: engine peripheral parts, cooling fans, wiring harness fasteners, charging pile structural parts
3. PA46 (Polyamide 46): High-temperature wear resistance & excellent creep resistance
Core Properties
Melting point around 295℃, long-term service temperature 150-170℃; outstanding high-temperature hardness, creep resistance and wear resistance; good self-lubrication, low friction coefficient and anti-aging performance.
Industrial Automation Applications
High-speed & high-temperature transmission parts: high-speed gears, chain tensioners, high-temperature bearing retainers, high-speed spinning machine components
Continuous sliding parts: oil-free lubrication guide rails, sliding blocks, wear-resistant bushes, high-temperature fixtures for metallurgy and glass industry
Thermal management & welding fixtures: SMT carriers, reflow soldering trays, high-temperature heat insulation plates, motor insulating frameworks
4. PA12 (Polyamide 12): Low water absorption, high flexibility, superior precision stability
Core Properties
Ultra-low water absorption (~0.7%) with excellent dimensional stability; flexible at low temperature (-40℃); great oil and chemical resistance; moderate strength, suitable for light-load precision and flexible components.
Industrial Automation Applications
Precision moving parts: micro gears, precision sliders, linear guide dust strips, instrument gear boxes
Pneumatic & hydraulic pipelines: aging-resistant air pipes, oil tubes, corrugated pipes, quick connectors, sealing sleeves
Shock-absorbing & flexible parts: damping pads, buffer blocks, cable sheaths, robot cable protective sleeves
Outdoor & humid environment equipment: outdoor sensor housings, marine automation parts, food machinery wear-resistant parts
5. PA610 / PA612: Low water absorption, chemical resistance and low-temperature resistance
Core Properties
Water absorption ~1.5%, better dimensional stability than PA6/PA66; excellent resistance to oil, alkali and solvents; PA612 features better toughness and low-temperature performance.
Industrial Automation Applications
Fluid & sealing system parts: hydraulic seals, oil seals, high-pressure pipes, pipe fittings, valve liners
Outdoor & chemical industry equipment: chemical pump impellers, anti-corrosion brackets, oilfield automation components, car washer parts
Low-noise transmission parts: silent gears, shock-absorbing gearboxes, conveyor chain bushes
Core Properties
Melting point 310-330℃, long-term service temperature 180-200℃; water absorption below 1%, stable dimension; high rigidity, great solder resistance and chemical stability.
Industrial Automation Applications
High-temperature electronic components: SMT connectors, relay bases, power module housings, high-temperature sensor shells
New energy automation equipment: high-voltage charging pile parts, inverter structural parts, battery module brackets, motor end covers
Precision fixtures: semiconductor equipment carriers, optical instrument brackets, high-temperature tooling jigs
7. Modified Nylons for Performance Enhancement
Glass Fiber Reinforced (GF15~30%): PA6-GF30 / PA66-GF30, greatly improved strength, rigidity, heat resistance and dimensional stability, ideal for heavy-load structures, robot joints and module slides
Wear-resistant Modified (MoS₂/PTFE/Silicone Oil): Low friction coefficient, excellent self-lubrication, applied to oil-free bearings, guide rails and high-speed gears
Flame-retardant Modified (UL94 V-0): Used for electrical cabinets, charging piles and high-voltage electrical components
Impact-modified Nylon: Applied to low-temperature and high-impact scenarios such as equipment outer shells and safety guards.
8. Selection Guide by Application Scenario
| Application Scenario | Recommended Grade | Core Advantages |
|---|---|---|
| General low-cost structural parts | Pure PA6 / PA6-GF15 | High toughness, easy processing, low cost |
| Heavy-duty gears & load-bearing structures | PA66-GF30 | High strength, high rigidity, good wear resistance |
| High-temperature & high-speed transmission | PA46 | Long-term service above 150℃, anti-creep & wear-resistant |
| Precision components & humid environment | PA12 | Low water absorption, stable dimension, low-temperature flexibility |
| Chemical industry & sealing systems | PA610 / PA612 | Excellent oil & alkali resistance, stable size |
| High-temperature electronics & new energy equipment | PPA (PA10T/PA6T) | Resistant to 180℃+ high temperature, low water absorption |
| Oil-free lubrication wear parts | PA6 filled with MoS₂/PTFE | Self-lubricating, low friction, long service life |
9. Design & Processing Tips
Moisture control: Dry PA6/PA66 before molding; prefer PA12, PA612 or PPA for wet working conditions
Glass fiber reinforced nylon: Avoid sharp corners to prevent stress concentration; adopt proper mold temperature to reduce warpage
Material pairing: Nylon matched with steel achieves optimal friction effect; avoid nylon-on-nylon friction pairing
