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1. Core Properties of PA1010 (for Cooling Lines)
1.1 Physical & Mechanical Properties (Essential for Tubing)
Low water absorption: ~0.25%–0.5% (only 1/5–1/10 of PA66), ensuring stable dimensions and minimal mechanical property fluctuations in wet conditions.
Strength & toughness: Tensile strength ≥50 MPa, elongation at break ≥200%; remains non-brittle at -60°C and resists bending fatigue.
Density: 1.03–1.05 g/cm³, offering lightweight advantages over metals and rubbers.
Creep resistance: No long-term stress relaxation under pressure, suitable for clips and quick-connect fittings.
1.2 Thermal & Weather Resistance (New Energy Operating Conditions)
Melting point: 200–210°C; long-term service temperature range: -60°C to 120°C, with short-term heat resistance up to 150°C.
Thermal stability: Stable long-term below 100°C; antioxidants and heat stabilizers are required for high-temperature applications.
Hydrolysis/coolant resistance: Superior to PA6/PA66, compatible with ethylene glycol/water mixtures.
1.3 Chemical Resistance (Cooling Media)
Resistant to ethylene glycol, antifreeze, engine oil, weak acids, and weak bases; not resistant to strong acids, phenol, or formic acid.
Oil and solvent resistant, adapting to the surrounding environment of motors and battery packs.
1.4 Processing & Environmental Friendliness
Processable via extrusion, blow molding, and injection molding, suitable for corrugated pipes and multi-layer composite tubes.
Bio-based origin (derived from castor oil), meeting the low-carbon requirements of automakers.
2. PA1010 Modification Schemes for New Energy Cooling Lines
2.1 Base Pure Resin (Low Pressure / Room Temperature)
Formula: Pure PA1010 resin + Antioxidants 1098/168 + Lubricant
Performance: High toughness, easy molding, low cost
Application: Low-pressure, room-temperature, non-critical cooling circuits
2.2 Glass Fiber Reinforced (High Pressure / High Temperature / Large Diameter)
Formula: PA1010 + 20%–35% short glass fiber + Compatibilizer (MAH-g-POE) + Heat stabilizer
Performance: Tensile strength 100–140 MPa, flexural modulus 5–8 GPa; HDT 180–210°C; shrinkage 0.2%–0.4%
Application: High-pressure circuits, engine compartment/motor peripherals, long-term high-temperature environments
2.3 Hydrolysis/Coolant Resistant (Core Modification)
Formula: PA1010 + 30% GF + Carbodiimide-based hydrolysis stabilizer + Long-acting antioxidant
Performance: Inhibits hydrolysis in ethylene glycol/water systems; ≥80% strength retention after 1000h thermal aging
Application: Battery pack/motor water cooling, long-term immersion conditions
2.4 Toughened / Low-Temperature (Northern / Frigid Regions)
Formula: PA1010 + 10%–15% POE-g-MAH + 10%–20% GF
Performance: Non-brittle impact at -40°C, no cracking after repeated bending
Application: Frigid regions, frequently disassembled pipelines
2.5 Multi-Layer Composite (High-End Solution)
Structure: PA1010 inner layer (coolant resistance) + adhesive layer + PA/PP outer layer (oil/weather resistance)
Advantages: Balances media resistance, weather resistance, lightweight design, and cost-effectiveness
3. Key Processing Parameters (Extrusion / Blow Molding)
1.Drying: 100–120°C for 4–6h, moisture content ≤0.05% (≤0.03% for glass fiber-reinforced grades)
2.Extrusion temperature: 210–240°C (pure resin); 230–260°C (glass fiber-reinforced)
3.Mold temperature / cooling: 40–60°C; water/air cooling to control crystallization and shrinkage
4.Post-treatment: Annealing at 80–100°C for 1–2h to release internal stress and stabilize dimensions
5.Fittings/clips: Pair with modified PA1010 clips for optimal sealing and clamping force.
4. Comparison with PA6/PA66/PA12 (Cooling Line Selection)
| Property | PA1010 | PA66 | PA12 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water absorption | Very low (0.25%–0.5%) | High (3%–4%) | Low (0.5%–1%) |
| Low-temperature toughness | Excellent (-60°C) | Fair | Good |
| Coolant resistance | Excellent | Fair | Excellent |
| Cost | Medium | Low | High |
| Bio-based | Yes | No | No |
| Processability | Good | Good | Good |
5.1 Select based on pressure/temperature/media: Use pure PA1010 for low-pressure/room-temperature conditions; 30% GF reinforcement for high-pressure/high-temperature conditions; toughened modification for frigid regions/frequent disassembly; hydrolysis stabilizer is mandatory for long-term coolant immersion.
5.2 Design: Avoid sharp corners, optimize rib placement, add fillets at clip roots, and reserve moisture expansion margins.
5.3 System compatibility: PA1010 tube + modified PA1010 clip is recommended for optimal compatibility and sealing.
